Community Solutions Toolkit
Federal and Private Funding Resources
Medicaid
What is it?
Medicaid provides health coverage to millions of Americans, including eligible low-income adults, children, pregnant women, elderly adults and people with disabilities. Medicaid is administered by states, according to federal requirements. The program is funded jointly by states and the federal government.
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How does it relate to Juvenile Justice?
Medicaid can help meet the unique health needs of juvenile justice-involved youth. Youth involved with juvenile justice systems often have significant, sometimes costly, health needs, in part because they may not have received regular or continuous medical care. Although data are incomplete and vary by state, evidence suggests that a high percentage of youth who are involved with the juvenile justice system are Medicaid-eligible. (http://www.ncsl.org/documents/cj/jjguidebook-medicaid.pdf)
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How is Michigan using Medicaid dollars for Juvenile Justice?
Michigan is using Medicaid dollars to fund MST (Multi-Systemic Therapy). MST is an evidence-based juvenile delinquency program that empowers youth (ages 12-17) and their families to function responsibly over the long term. MST reduces juvenile delinquency and antisocial behavior by addressing the core causes of such conduct—and views the client as a network of systems including family, peers, school, and neighborhood. (http://www.mstservices.com/mst-juvenile-delinquency-prevention-program)
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What are other states doing with Medicaid dollars?
Juvenile Medicaid Tracker (JMT)
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Established from HB 1630, the state of Texas created a Juvenile Medicaid Tracker (JMT) to allow Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) to determine the Medicaid/CHIP status of a juvenile offender 30 days prior to their release so that they can have services reinstated upon their release. It also holds local juvenile probation departments subject to the requirements of the MOU executed between TJJD and THHSC.
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Children and Youth Planning Board​
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Louisiana Legislature passed Act 555 in 2004, which created children and youth planning boards within each judicial district.48 The planning boards coordinate and identify gaps in local services for children with (or at risk of developing) social, emotional, or developmental problems. Planning board members include district attorneys, judges, school system representatives, advocates, family members, and other stakeholders. Local planning boards bring their findings and suggestions up to the state level; planning board recommendations are then taken into consideration when putting together budgets and requests for proposals for mental health and juvenile justice facilities
Wraparound Milwaukee
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Wraparound Milwaukee involves families at all levels of the system and aggressively monitors quality and outcomes. It operates from a value base that emphasizes building on strengths to meet needs; one family-one plan of care; cost-effective community-based alternatives to residential treatment placements, juvenile correctional placement as appropriate, and psychiatric hospitalization; increased parent choice and family independence; and care for children in the context of their family and community.
Juvenile Rehabilitation Administration
In Washington when eligible youth leave any Juvenile Rehabilitation Administration (JRA) facility (which includes both secure and non-secure facilities) in Washington, they are reinstated for the remainder of the continuous eligibility period. Additionally, staff at JRA facilities complete Medicaid applications up to 45 days before a youth’s anticipated release date and families are provided a contact within their community where the application can be sent. A designation team in the state’s Medicaid office coordinates services with facilities, so that eligible children receive a card quickly. Additionally, in an effort to ensure that all juvenile justice-involved youth in the county have access to health insurance and other necessary and court-ordered services, the Juvenile Court Services Division of the King County Superior Court recently partnered with Seattle-King County Public Health to provide support services to youth
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
What is it?
The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) was signed by President Obama on December 10, 2015, and represents good news for our nation’s schools. This bipartisan measure reauthorizes the 50-year-old Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the nation’s national education law and longstanding commitment to equal opportunity for all students. The new law builds on key areas of progress in recent years, made possible by the efforts of educators, communities, parents, and students across the country.
How does it relate to Juvenile Justice?
Title I, Part D, revisions have 3 goals for justice-involved youth: Improve educational services in institutions, Improve youth transition between institutionalization to further schooling or employment, Prevent dropout.
(http://www.advocacyinstitute.org/ESSA/ESSA-JJprovisions.pdf)
How is Michigan Allocating ESSA for Juvenile Justice?
Michigan Title I, Part D: provide a plan for assisting in the transition of children and youth between correctional facilities and locally operated programs. Priorities:, treatment, education, and transition. Subpart 1 delegates two subgrantees facilities that do treatment, education and detention services. At each of these treatment facilities it is required that a transition specialist be on staff to help youth with employment documents, communication with parole or probation officers and coordinate intake and release plans. The transition specialists also help to build and foster community relationships with various community resources. (https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mde/Michigan-ESSA-Plan_11-15-17_606136_7.pdf)
What are other states incorporating justice-involved youth into their ESSA plan?
Georgia Department of Education
GaDOE provides assistance to LEAs, GDC and DJJ through collaborative planning with agencies, program guidance and monitoring, annual workshops and meetings, on-site technical assistance and telephone consultation. Areas of focus for technical assistance provided by GaDOE include, but are not limited to:
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Assessing the educational needs of children and youth in neglected and delinquent institutions.
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Facilitating and/or implementing new or existing partnerships or agency agreements to ensure the opportunity of children and youth in neglected and delinquent institutions to meet high academic standards, receive a high school diploma or equivalency, or transition to work.
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Reviewing the efficacy of instructional models implemented including periodic review of the
reliability and validity of assessments of student achievement. Evaluation of services provided.
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Utilizing funds (including federal, state, and local) to support children and youth meeting high
academic standards
California's ESSA State Plan
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California will provide funded agencies with professional development and training targeting transitional planning for youth, relationship building with workforce and post-secondary institutions, data management, program evaluation, and implementing evidence-based and outcome driven strategies that are aligned to college and career readiness standards. California will continue to build statewide partnerships with the California Community Colleges Chancellor’s Office, California Workforce Investment Board, and California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation to support local level planning and coordination with external partners. California will ensure that funded agencies are complying with federal, state, and local laws and regulations by conducting on-site and online reviews through the annual federal program monitoring review process that is conducted on an annual basis as described in A.4.viii.e
Juvenile Rehabilitation Administration
Indiana to receive Title I, Part D funds there needs to be a copy of a 2-way support/agreement between state facilities and LEA's to ensure that neglected, delinquent and at-risk children receive the appropriate supplemental education, counseling, program services, and effective transfer of student information.
The Indiana Department of Education provides technical assistance through the National Technical Assistance Center to improve transitions. Additionally, when applying for funding LEA's need to conduct individual comprehensive needs assessments to assess the needs of the students, program characteristics, and identify the duration of services.
The needs assessments also evaluate how to address additional needs for students with disabilities and English learning students.
Colorado's Title I, Part D
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State agency and school district Title I, Part D programs must meet the educational needs of neglected, delinquent and at-risk youth and assist in their transition from correctional facilities to local programs. Students must be provided opportunities for academic achievement. State agencies and school districts must evaluate each facility program and disaggregate data by gender, race, ethnicity, and age at least once every three years. CDE will assess the effectiveness of programs that serve neglected and delinquent children and youth by monitoring and evaluating data related to improving academic, career, and technical skills. Neglected and delinquent programs should be designed with the expectation that children and youth will have the opportunity to meet the same challenging state academic content and academic achievement standards that all children in the state are expected to meet. To the extent feasible, evaluations will be tied to the standards and assessment system that the state or school district has developed for all children.
Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)
What is it?
WIOA is a landmark legislation that is designed to strengthen and improve our nation's public workforce system and help get Americans, including youth and those with significant barriers to employment, into high-quality jobs and careers and help employers hire and retain skilled workers.
How does it relate to Juvenile Justice?
Title I of WIOA outlines a broad youth vision that supports an integrated service delivery system and provides a framework through which states and local areas can leverage other Federal, state, local, and philanthropic resources to support in-school youth (ISY) and out-of-school youth (OSY). Title I of WIOA affirms the Department of Labor’s (DOL) commitment to providing high-quality services for youth, beginning with career exploration and guidance, continued support for educational attainment, opportunities for skills training, such as pre-apprenticeships or internships, for in-demand industries and occupations, and culminating with employment, enrollment in postsecondary education, or a Registered Apprenticeship.
How is Michigan using WIOA dollars for Juvenile Justice?
WIOA Youth programs are operated on a year-round basis by local Michigan Works! Agencies (MWAs). Available services include tutoring, study skills training, alternative secondary school offerings, dropout recovery services, paid and unpaid work experiences, including summer employment opportunities, occupational skills training, education offered concurrently with workforce preparation, leadership development opportunities, supportive services, adult mentoring, follow-up services, comprehensive guidance and counseling, financial literacy education, entrepreneurial skills training, provision of labor market and employment information, and activities that help youth prepare for, and transition to, post-secondary education and training.
What are other states doing with WIOA dollars?
Georgia's Youth Programs
Northeast Georgia Regional Commission
Youth Programs- WIOA provides access to In School Youth Programs to all 12 counties for youth ages 14-21. In School Youth services include tutoring, mentoring, credit recovery, tracking of attendance and grades, leadership development, work experience opportunities and others.
Out of School Youth Services
For youth ages 16-24 who did not complete their High School education and receive a High School diploma, WIOA may assist them in obtaining a High School Diploma or GED through contracts with several Out-of-School Service providers. Services may include mentoring, tracking of attendance and grades, work experience opportunities, supportive services for transportation and childcare, payment of tuition and fees, job placement assistance, and others.
Maryland's Civic Works
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In Baltimore Maryland, WIOA funds Civic Works: YouthBuild- "YouthBuild gives a second chance to Baltimore City youth who have dropped out of high school. We provide construction training and certifications, assistance in earning a high school diploma or GED, and job placement services. Each year, YouthBuild provides comprehensive services to 30 participants between the ages of 17 and 24. YouthBuild is a national model. The Department of Labor, YouthBuild USA, and the Housing Authority of Baltimore City support our program."
Dallas County Workforce Innovation and Opportunities Act
The Dallas County Workforce Innovation and Opportunities Act (DCWIOA) focuses on allowing eligible youth the opportunity to be linked to a network of community programs focusing on advancing their educational opportunities, career readiness and job placement. The program leverages support from the Dallas County District Court (DCDC), Dallas County School Systems, Selma Career Center, Dallas County Fatherhood Initiative, The Arsenal Place Accelerator (APA), the Hope Academy and a vast array of community service providers in order to create a seamless network of resources for Dallas County youth.
The ISS incorporates the 14 WIOA elements and are comprised of both short and long-term goals applicable to the youth’s present need. Proposed activities include tutoring/mentoring, study skills training, alternative secondary school services, GED preparation, Ready for Work program offered at Wallace College, job readiness/placement, entrepreneurial skills, training, internship/apprenticeship opportunities, and financial management and life skills.
Illinois' Summer Youth Employement
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Summer Youth Employment Program (SYEP): Court involved and at-risk youth ages of 16-24 (amongst other categories of youth) can apply to the SYEP offered through Illinois' WIOA Works. SYEP provides youth with career and training programs, job search skills, resume writing, applying for a job, interviewing, workplace "soft" skills and violence awareness and prevention.